Comparing Darcy’s Law and the Brinkman Equation for Numerical Simulations of Saltwater Intrusion

Saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers presents a significant global challenge to fresh groundwater resources. Numerical modelling represents valuable tool study this phenomenon. Darcy’s Law is widely applied studies and extended the Brinkman Equation account for kinetic dissipations due viscous shear. However, their comparative performance accuracy in density-driven flows remain unclear. To determine circumstances where required, numerical simulations with both models were implemented hypothetical aquifer scenarios. The results revealed that largest discrepancies between two occur inside dispersion zone during break-through period, concentration differences of up 2.5%. mixing freshwater saltwater induces rapid density velocity variations. Brinkman’s term moderates rate change decreases length by 6.1 m 180 case. Furthermore, higher permeability lower recharge strengthen effects most sandy aquifers. excels at capturing intricate flow patterns large Therefore, it necessary be employed on freshwater–saltwater interfaces other similar conditions including groundwater–surface water interfaces, non-isothermal flows, complex geological conditions.